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电吉他如何调出满意的失真音色

来源:$article_from_name$ 2019/3/26 21:56:41      点击:
很多朋友跟我说他们在调失真的时候总是不能调出自己满意的音色来,感到很苦恼,效果器也是一换再换,但是效果总是差强人意。我想对于很多人可能都有类似的感受,那我就写一点自己牵薄的经验来与大家分享吧
第一,调失真的时候要搞清楚你想调的失真是什么样的?比方说是轻失真还是在重失真,是电子管味道很浓,很固体的,还是那种粉碎感的,这个确定下来后,再开始动手。
第二,如果有条件的话最后能够找一个参照物,也就是说最好能有一个比较好的失真音色做为范本。你可以找自己喜欢乐队的歌曲里面的音色来听,反复地多听一些,这样就能够掌握他们的音色基础是什么。但要知道,很多乐队录音室作品cd里面的声音是经过高质量的录音和混音后的声音,并不是原始的声音,所以我建议大家最好找到现场演出的声音来听,这样就不会受到误导了。
第三,充分利用你手里面的效果器材,每个人的喜好不一样,每个人的器材肯定也不一样,所以对于不同的人有不同的方法,我下面就简要地说说。
很多人喜欢用单块效果器,没错。用单块效果器可以调出很好的声音,但是如果你有一个更好的吉他音箱那就更完美了。为什么呢?其实像外国很多吉他手他们的失真音色更多的是靠音响上面的失真来完成的,所以一个很好的音箱对于你来说是必不可少的。如果你有个不错的电子管音箱,那么你就可以用它的失真来当你的原始失真音源如果喜欢重金属音乐的话,你可以把音响上面的失真调到接近最大的四份之一处,这样听起来失真很浓,很重,然后用音箱均衡来调整音色。比如说marshall的音箱的调节就是失真度及均衡的高低音开到最大,contour(轮廓,音色的镶边)也开到最大,而中音则开到最小。这样的声音听起来充满力量,如切割机一般的声音,高低频丰富,是所谓的hi—gain失真。很多thrash metal乐队经常用这样的音色,比如metallica,pantera等,但是megadeth的声音失真相对就比较弱一点,而且中频比较高,声音听起来会更加结实饱满。
轻失真或者弱失真就用音箱上面的overdrive过载就可以做出来,把过载开大,利用电子管天然过载的声音就可以。这种声音对于喜欢blues.poprock的朋友来说是很有用的,国外很多乐队里面的那种清脆悦耳的轻失真都是这样做出来的,弹bules时,轻失真均衡均衡的中频和高频要大一些,这样听起来有更多的六七十年代的效果,弹poprock音色的均衡低频和高频要大一些,这样的声音比较硬朗。
有人会问:我受礼的失真单块岂不是浪费了吗?不浪费,我们可以用他来做solo音色。很多人在做solo音色的时候似乎觉得失真度是越大越好的,除非是有人特意要那种很弱的效果。失真的增大可以使我们轻易的取得很长的延音(sustain),失真度越大,延音越长,而弹起来也就越轻松,失真度对音色的改变是很有影响的,对solo的音色影响不如对节奏音色的影响那么大。所以我们就利用手中的失真单块,把失真单块的失真度调到接近最小,tone调到最大。当你谈节奏的时候,单块是关闭的,当你需要solo的时候就踩开,你会发现失真好象大里,而且弹起来对pick力度的变化反应不那么灵敏,音色更通透,空旷了。这是由于我们加了这个单块使得得输入到音箱的信号增强了。很多大师都是这么使用的,比如nuno用的是pro-corat的overdrive和hughs¢katerner音箱失真,yingwie用的是dod的ovrdrive和marshall音箱:steve vai用的是boss的ds-1和bogner音箱失真等等。
如果我们用的是重金属类的失真单块,就可以不用音箱失真了。用重金属单块的音色就很好了,不如说boss-mt2,它上面的调节钮就有高中低音的调整,而且中音部分的扫频(mideseq)基本上类似于音色镶边,调它可以做出粉碎感和颗粒感很强的音色来,而且说明书上面也有很多音色的调节,我就不一一叙述了。但是值得一提的是,如果感到效果器上面的某个地方还是不尽人意,那再去调整音箱上面的均衡,一般来说音响上面的均衡都在中间就可以了。然后,solo部分可以用压缩单块来进行信号放大处理,boss。dod和mxr的压缩都很捧,注意压缩的量不要太大,压缩比一般在2:1到4:1之间就可以了。而且如果不弹solo的时候最好不要开压缩或者当信号增强用的失真,因为这样弹琴时拨片的力度反映很不明显,对于演奏者来说不好控制音乐的轻重和情绪的变化。
还有很多人用合成效果器,其实这是最容易的一种方法,因为合成效果器把压缩,失真,均衡等等都放在了一起,很方面。但是一些便宜的产品可能会存在声音不真实的现象,不过那也没办法。就拿boss公司所有最经典最受欢迎的吉他效果器和最新推出的吉他效果器,像od-1,ds-1,mt-2,ch-1,dd-3等等可以说拥有了gt6就等于拥有了boss公司的所有吉他单块效果器。这样我们就能方面的选择使用那种效果器来做音色了,方法和上面我所说的用单块做音色的程序是一样的,只不过要靠你自己在它的菜单里面仔细的调整了,下次有机会再向大家说gt6的参数和做音色的方法吧。
第四,好好地调整一下你手里的吉他,如果总感觉失真或者音量偏小,声音很软的话,你就把琴上面的拾音器向上调一点,只要不妨碍弹琴就行了,这样拾音器的功率会增大一点,弹起来也就会更灵敏,更舒服一些。还有,换套新的琴弦也是改进音色的好方法,新弦的声音更清脆,所以失真声音也就会更好一些,听起来好象比原来大一些。
第五,噪音问题。这个问题很多人头疼,其实失真严格说来也是噪音,没办法,有失真肯定会有噪音,适当的减少失真量是减少噪音的好方法。我不去主张开大噪音门或者降噪开关一类的东西,因为这样你的音色会变得忽然内僵硬,尤其是音色的尾部会像给砍断一样难听。失真量多大适合?不同的音乐有不同的需要,不能一概而论,我们拿重金属音色来说吧,我认为你站在音箱(比较大的音箱100瓦左右)前面1到2米处,背对音箱拧开琴的音量然后放开双手。如果逐渐地产生自然回授的萧叫声就说明失真度比较适合,要是马上就叫的话说明失真度大了,要是没声音的话可以适当增加失真度,其他的音乐我就不一一举例了,只不过要记住不是失真度越大越好,也不是越小越好,调出适合你自己音乐的失真,才是最好的。

文章来源于:风华艺校

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